Answer the following in an essay format: Is the Canadian labour movement in crisis? If so, what are the main features of this crisis? How did this crisis arise? What are the main social forces and who are the main actors responsible for this crisis? Has the Canadian labour movement contributed to this crisis? If…
Draw on as many of our sources as possible to explain the preponderance of violence and instability in Europe in the early twentieth century, with specific attention to the problem of Germany. Explore the attitudes and practices that allowed for the rise of Hitler, from nationalism, racism, antisemitism and ideas about Lebensraum to foreign policies…
Bacteria undergo chemotaxis toward amino acids, which usually indicates the presence of a food source. Chemotaxis receptors bind a particular amino acid and cause changes in the bacterial cell that induce the cell to move toward the source of the amino acid. Four types of chemotaxis receptor that mediate responses to different amino acids have…
If you overexpress various Hedgehog constructs (panel A) in normal fly embryos and examine the pattern of Wnt expression (a well characterized target of Hedgehog signaling), you observe a striped pattern of expression in all cases, but some constructs lead to thicker stripes than normal (panel B). a. Which part of the Hedgehog molecule is…
When activated, the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor phosphorylates itself on multiple tyrosines. These phosphorylated tyrosines serve as assembly sites for several SH2-domain-containing proteins that include phospholipase C-γ (PLCγ), a Ras-specific GTPase-activating protein (GAP), a subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), and a phosphotyrosine phosphatase (PTP) (Panel A). PDGF binding stimulates several changes in the target…
Akt is a key protein kinase in the signaling pathway that leads to cell growth. Akt is activated by a phosphatidylinositol-dependent protein kinase (PDK1), which phosphorylates threonine 308. At the same time, serine 473 is phosphorylated. Your advisor has been unsuccessful in purifying the protein kinase responsible for the phosphorylation of serine 472, but you…
What does autophosphorylation mean? When a receptor tyrosine kinase binds its ligand and forms a dimer, do the individual receptor molecules phosphorylate themselves or does one receptor cross-phosphorylate the other, and vice versa? To investigate this question, you’ve constructed genes for three forms of a receptor tyrosine kinase: the normal form with an active kinase…
Based on genetic analysis of the yeast mutants, decide which component of the G protein normally transmits the mating signal to the downstream effector molecules (1 point, , , or ). Explain your answer (4 points, 3-4 sentences). b. (6 points) Predict the proliferation and mating phenotypes in the absence and presence of the -factor…
The mating behavior of yeast depends on signaling peptides termed pheromones that bind to pheromone GPCRS (see figure below). When the -factor pheromone binds to a wild-type yeast cell, it blocks cell-cycle progression, arresting proliferation until a mating partner is found. Yeast mutants with defects in one or more of the components of the G…
Essay that is 3-5 pages in length (NOT including your reference list) in Times New Roman, 12 point font, double-spaced, 1″ margins, title at the top of the first page, page numbers at the bottom, and citations and references in APA format. Essay should not just be a description of your chosen medical condition or…
