Are ethnically diverse countries incapable of establishing a fully functioning democracy?
Critically discuss this question and refer to at least two case studies to substantiate your argumentation (you may take the case studies discussed in class or choose other examples). You should refer to the theories, definitions and concepts discussed in weeks 3 and 4 of the course and incorporate such into your essay (Learning Objectives 3+4).
The theories, definitions and concepts discussed were: cultural pluralism, ethnicity, homogenious state, nationality, tribe , race and religion, levels of interethnic conflict 1: minimal conflict 2, uneasy balance,3 enforced hierarchy. 4 Systematic violence. Outcomes and resolutions: power sharing , secession, outside intervention, exhaustion. Rwanda genocide 1994 key factors, economic forces, history, creation of class society, decolonization and elections. Propaganda against Tutsi.
Definition of democracy and a trend towards it. The 3 levels of democracy semi , liberal and substantive.
Anocracy. The 3 waves of democrazation 1 st 1828-1926) 2nd wave 1943 – 1962 . 3rd wave 1974 -2011. Democracy in 2019 electoral democracies.
Prerequisites of democracy: social and economic modernization, class structure and political culture. The curse of oil wealth.
Democratic transition and democratic consolidation. Justifications for authoritarian rule. How to improve democracy ( participation, rule of law , accountability , competition, less inequalities etc.
State building elements ( functioning state, healthy economy, fair justice system, representative government, efficient security.
Nato in Afganistan, Patronage.